Izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezintsha ziya ngokuya ziba yisinqumo sokuqala kubantu abaningi ukuthenga izimoto.Ahlakaniphile futhi ayonga kakhulu kunezimoto zikaphethiloli, kodwa amabhethri aseyinkinga enkulu, njengempilo yebhethri, ukuminyana, isisindo, intengo nokuphepha.Eqinisweni, kunezinhlobo eziningi zamabhethri anamandla.Namuhla, ngizokhuluma nawe mayelana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhethri amandla amasha atholakalayo njengamanje.
Ngakho-ke, amabhethri amandla amanje ngokuvamile ahlanganisa izinhlobo ezilandelayo, okuyi-ternary lithium amabhethri, amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate, amabhethri e-lithium cobalt oxide, amabhethri e-nickel metal hydride, namabhethri e-solid state.Phakathi kwazo, amathremu wamandla amasha ngokuvamile asebenzisa amabhethri e-ternary lithium kanye namabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate, okubizwa ngokuthi “amaqhawe amabili aqhudelana nge-hegemony”.
Ibhethri ye-Ternary lithium: Elivamile uchungechunge lwe-nickel-cobalt-manganese lwe-CATL.Kukhona futhi uchungechunge lwe-nickel-cobalt-aluminium embonini.I-nickel yengezwa ebhethrini ukuze kwandiswe umthamo wokugcina ibhethri futhi kuthuthukiswe impilo yebhethri.
Ibonakala ngosayizi omncane, isisindo esilula, ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, cishe u-240Wh/kg, ukungazinzi kahle kwe-thermal, futhi kujwayeleke ukuba nezinkinga zokuvutha okuzenzakalelayo.Iyakwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphansi kodwa hhayi ekushiseni okuphezulu.Umkhawulo ophansi wokusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi ngu-30°C, futhi amandla ancishiswa cishe ngo-15% ebusika.Izinga lokushisa elishisayo liphakathi kuka-200°C-300°C, futhi ingozi yokusha okuzenzakalelayo iphezulu.
Ibhethri ye-lithium iron phosphate: ibhekisela kubhethri ye-lithium-ion esebenzisa i-lithium iron phosphate njengento ephozithivu ye-electrode kanye ne-carbon njengento engalungile ye-electrode.Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lithium e-ternary, ukuzinza kwawo okushisayo kungcono futhi izindleko zawo zokukhiqiza ziphansi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, impilo yomjikelezo wamabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate izoba yinde, ngokuvamile izikhathi ezingu-3,500, kuyilapho amabhethri e-lithium e-ternary ngokuvamile eqala ukubola cishe izikhathi ezingu-2,000 zokushajwa nokuphuma.
Ibhethri ye-lithium cobalt oxide: Ibhethri ye-lithium cobalt oxide nayo iyigatsha lebhethri le-lithium-ion.Amabhethri e-lithium cobalt oxide anesakhiwo esizinzile, isilinganiso somthamo ophezulu kanye nokusebenza okuphelele okuvelele.Kodwa-ke, amabhethri e-lithium cobalt oxide anokuphepha okubi kanye nezindleko eziphezulu.Amabhethri e-lithium cobalt oxide asetshenziswa kakhulu kumabhethri amancane naphakathi nendawo.Ziyibhethri elivamile emikhiqizweni kagesi futhi ngokuvamile azisetshenziswa ezimotweni.
Ibhethri le-nickel-metal hydride: Ibhethri le-nickel-metal hydride wuhlobo olusha lwebhethri eliluhlaza elakhiwa ngeminyaka yawo-1990s.Inezici zamandla aphezulu, impilo ende, futhi akukho kungcola.I-electrolyte yamabhethri e-nickel-metal hydride iyisisombululo se-potassium hydroxide esingashi, ngakho-ke ngisho noma izinkinga ezifana ne-short circuit yebhethri zenzeka, ngokuvamile ngeke zibangele ukuvutha okuzenzakalelayo.Ukuphepha kuqinisekisiwe futhi inqubo yokukhiqiza ivuthiwe.
Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kahle kokushaja kwamabhethri e-nickel-metal hydride kuyisilinganiso, akukwazi ukusebenzisa ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-voltage ephezulu, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kubi kakhulu kunamabhethri e-lithium.Ngakho-ke, ngemva kokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwamabhethri e-lithium, amabhethri e-nickel-metal hydride angase ashintshwe kancane kancane.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-16-2024